Formation of chromosomes
There is a total of 22 pairs of chromosomes in each cell. Each chromosome pair contains different determinants of an individual.
Chromosomes are a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. The chromosome is formed by 6 feet worth of DNA which is repeatedly coiled to fit into the microscopic size of a cell.
The process starts when the DNA is wrapped up around special protein molecules known as histones. The combined loop of DNA and protein is called a nucleosome. Next, the nucleosomes are packed into a thread, the fibre that is the result is called a chromatin. Then the chromatin fibre is coiled into a structure, referred as solenoid. This is then coiled up again and looped resulting in the formation of chromosomes.
Chromosomes are a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. The chromosome is formed by 6 feet worth of DNA which is repeatedly coiled to fit into the microscopic size of a cell.
The process starts when the DNA is wrapped up around special protein molecules known as histones. The combined loop of DNA and protein is called a nucleosome. Next, the nucleosomes are packed into a thread, the fibre that is the result is called a chromatin. Then the chromatin fibre is coiled into a structure, referred as solenoid. This is then coiled up again and looped resulting in the formation of chromosomes.