Structure of dna
The DNA consists of four types of chemical bases: Thymine (T), Adenine (A), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G). Each of these consists of 3 substances, a nitrogenous base, a sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate group. Each base pair is formed from two complementary nucleotides: Purine (A and G) with Pyrimidine (C and T). The Adenine always pairs with Thymine (A and T) and the Cytosine always pairs with the Guanine (C and G). These pairs are bound together by Hydrogen bonds.
The arrangement of these bases determines the information that is used for building and maintaining life in an organism, similar to the way in which letters of the alphabet are arranged to form words.
The sugar phosphate backbone is the unit which the DNA is supported upon. This backbone is made of highly polar phosphate molecules and alternating ribose sugar. The polarity of the backbones determines whether it is soluble in water or not.
Chromosomes are a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. The chromosome is formed by 6 feet worth of DNA which is repeatedly coiled to fit into the microscopic size of a cell.
The arrangement of these bases determines the information that is used for building and maintaining life in an organism, similar to the way in which letters of the alphabet are arranged to form words.
The sugar phosphate backbone is the unit which the DNA is supported upon. This backbone is made of highly polar phosphate molecules and alternating ribose sugar. The polarity of the backbones determines whether it is soluble in water or not.
Chromosomes are a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. The chromosome is formed by 6 feet worth of DNA which is repeatedly coiled to fit into the microscopic size of a cell.